Web browsers, by default, treat line breaks (or carriage returns), tabs, spaces or any combination of the three in a body of text as one single space. This means that any text formatting will be completely ignored in an XHTML document.

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<br />
Creates a single space line break. (See also the <div> tag below.)
Note there is no closing tag but does include a space then a forward slash (/). All non-paired tags must include this.

The Result:

The quick
brown fox
jumps
over the
lazy dog.

<p> </p>
Creates a double-spaced line break.

Attributes:
<p align="left | center | right">
Sets the justification of the enclosed text (align="left" is the default)

The Result:

Immediately, and according to custom, the ramparts of Fort Saint-Jean were covered with spectators; it is always an event at Marseilles for a ship to come into port, especially when this ship, like the Pharaon, has been built, rigged, and laden at the old Phocee docks, and belongs to an owner of the city.

Immediately, and according to custom, the ramparts of Fort Saint-Jean were covered with spectators; it is always an event at Marseilles for a ship to come into port, especially when this ship, like the Pharaon, has been built, rigged, and laden at the old Phocee docks, and belongs to an owner of the city.

Immediately, and according to custom, the ramparts of Fort Saint-Jean were covered with spectators; it is always an event at Marseilles for a ship to come into port, especially when this ship, like the Pharaon, has been built, rigged, and laden at the old Phocee docks, and belongs to an owner of the city.

<div align="center"> </div>
Centers anything between the tags and a line break before and after.
(The align= attribute can also be set to left (default), center, or right.)

The Result:

<hr />
Creates a horizontal rule line and a paragraph break before and after.

Attributes:
<hr align="left | center | right" noshade="noshade" width="x">
align= sets the rule lines’ justification (align="center" is the default)
noshade = "noshade" removes the 3D or shadow effect creating a solid line
width= sets the rule lines’ width in % or pixels (more on pixels later…)

The Results:

<blockquote> </blockquote>
“Nests” the text and a paragraph break before and after.

The Result:

At last her parents consented and preparations were made for Psyche to be delivered to, and wed to, whoever or whatever awaited her at the top the mountain. The royal maid took her place in the procession that wound it's way up the steep slope, and, when they reached the very top, they left her there - alone.

Entities are symbols, non-English lettering, or other special characters that are not directly available from the keyboard.

 
Inserts a “Space”. Note: the characters are in lowercase.
This is useful when you need to use multiple spaces in an HTML document like paragraph indentation (first example) or spreading out letters and text (second example).

Example Code:
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Immediately, and according to custom, the ramparts of Fort Saint-Jean were covered with spectators; it is always an event at Marseilles for a ship to come into port, especially when this ship, like the Pharaon, has been built, rigged, and laden at the old Phocee docks, and belongs to an owner of the city.</p>

<div align="center">
<p>H&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;P&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;i</p>
</div>

The Result:

    Immediately, and according to custom, the ramparts of Fort Saint-Jean were covered with spectators; it is always an event at Marseilles for a ship to come into port, especially when this ship, like the Pharaon, has been built, rigged, and laden at the old Phocee docks, and belongs to an owner of the city.

H    P    i

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